SQL Reference
Go To: Intro - DB Obj, Data Types & SQL Elements - SQL Lang Ref - Advanced SQL Topics - System Tables & Views - Appendices
1. Introduction

Command Categories

SQL Statement Syntax
Interpreting Syntax Diagrams
Required Syntax Elements
Optional Syntax Elements
Repetitive Constructs
Expanded Elements
Usage Examples

2. Database Objects and Language Elements

Object Names
Qualified Names

User Authorizations and Privileges

Columns and Tables
Snapshot Tables
Linked Tables
Partitioned Tables
Dimension Tables

Domains

Schemas
Creating a Schema
The SYSTEM Schema
The PUBLIC Schema
Default Schema
Using Schemas

Databases
Federated Databases

Views

Constraints

Connections

Dependencies Among Database Objects
Drop Behavior

SAND CDBMS Data Types
CHAR / CHARACTER
VARCHAR / CHARACTER VARYING / CHAR VARYING
DECIMAL / DEC / NUMERIC
INTEGER / INT
SMALLINT
UNSIGNED
FLOAT
REAL
DOUBLE PRECISION
DATE
TIME
TIMESTAMP
BLOB

Data Type Compatibility

Other Language Elements:
Literals (Constants)
Special Constants
Nulls
Value Expressions
Boolean Expressions (Search Conditions)
Comments

3. SQL Commands

SQL Statement Summary

ALTER AUTHORIZATION

ALTER DOMAIN

ALTER SESSION

ALTER TABLE
ADD COLUMN Clause
DROP COLUMN Clause
ADD CONSTRAINT Clause
DROP CONSTRAINT Clause
DISABLE CONSTRAINT Clause
ENABLE CONSTRAINT Clause
RENAME COLUMN Clause
APPEND Clause
Add Dimension Clause
DROP DIMENSION Clause

COMMIT [WORK]

CREATE AUTHORIZATION

CREATE CONNECTION

CREATE DOMAIN

CREATE MATERIALIZED JOIN

CREATE PARTITION TABLE

CREATE SCHEMA

CREATE SNAPSHOT TABLE

CREATE TABLE
Column Definition Clause
Table Constraint Clause
Select Clause

CREATE TABLE...WITH CONNECTION

CREATE VIEW

DELETE

DROP

EXECUTE

GRANT

INSERT

REFRESH DIMENSION TABLE

REFRESH MATERIALIZED JOIN

REFRESH SNAPSHOT TABLE

RENAME DOMAIN

RENAME TABLE

REVOKE

ROLLBACK [WORK]

SELECT
Select List Clause
Value Expression Clause
Table Expression Clause
Remote Table Clause
Joined Table Clause
Qualified Join Clause
Joined Table Expression Clause
Group/Order Expression Clause
Description of SELECT Clauses
Optional Clauses
The UNION Operator

SET SCHEMA

SET TRANSACTION

SHUTDOWN

UPDATE
Updating a BLOB Column with the Contents of a File

4. Advanced Topics

Selection Criteria for WHERE and HAVING Clauses
Boolean Value Expressions (Search Conditions)
Predicates
- Simple Comparison Predicates
- Compound Predicates
BETWEEN Predicate
IN Predicate
NULL Predicate
LIKE Predicate
- SOUNDS LIKE
- SPELLED LIKE
EXISTS Predicate
MATCHES Predicate
- Enabling & Disabling Text Analytics
- Command Syntax
- Text Search Types
- Filtering Text Searches on Relevance ("Bag of Words" Search)
- Behavioral Notes
Quantified Comparisons

Value Expressions
Value Expression Primaries
Functions
- Aggregate Functions
- OLAP Functions
- Cast Functions
- String Functions
- Math Functions
- Date/Time Functions
Numeric Value Expressions
String Value Expressions
Resulting Data Types

CASE Expressions
Simple CASE
Searched CASE
NULLIF
COALESCE
IFNULL

Date/Time Arithmetic
Intervals
Labeled Durations
Intervals and Date/Time Values
Interval Arithmetic
Interval Aggregation
Interval Comparisons
Implicit Casting

Constraints
Column Constraints
Table Constraints
Dropping a Constraint

Joins
 INNER JOIN
OUTER JOINS
MATCH JOINS
Nested Joins
Materialized Joins

Subqueries
Nested Table Expressions
Scalar Subqueries

Nulls

Transactions
5. System Tables and Public Views

Public Views

System Tables
Appendices

A. System Limits

B. SQL Keywords

C. SQL Error Messages